In addition, the study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate type of exercise to optimize treatment and prevention. Subgroup analyses show that a frequency of 3–4 times per week, a duration of 30–60 min, and a length of more than 6 weeks were found to be the most effective interventions for depression ( P > 0.001).Ĭonclusion: This study provides compelling evidence that exercise is a viable intervention for improving depression and anxiety in young individuals. Resistance exercise thus had the best comprehensive effect on both the treatment and prevention of depression in youths (clusterank value = 1914.04). For the prevention of depression in non-depressed youths, resistance exercise (90.3%) > mixed exercise (81.6%) > aerobic exercise (45.5%) > mind-body exercise (32.6%) > usual care (0%). According to the test of the surface under the cumulative ranking score (SUCRA), the ranking of exercises for the treatment of depression in depressed youths is as follows: resistance exercise (94.9%) > aerobic exercise (75.1%) > mixed exercise (43.8%) > mind-body exercise (36.2%) > usual care (0%). For the prevention of depression, resistance exercise (SMD = −1.18, 95% CI ), aerobic exercise (SMD = −0.72, 95% CI ), mind-body exercise (SMD = −0.59, 95% CI ), and mixed exercise (SMD = −1.06, 95% CI ) were all significantly effective compared to usual care. In the treatment of depression, resistance exercise (SMD = −1.30, 95% CI ), aerobic exercise (SMD = −0.83, 95% CI ), mixed exercise (SMD = −0.67, 95% CI ), and mind-body exercise (SMD = −0.61, 95% CI ) all showed significant efficacy over usual care. For non-depressed youths, exercise is significantly better than usual care in reducing anxiety (SMD = −0.47, 95% CI ). Result: Utilizing data extracted from 58 studies (10 countries, 4,887 participants), we found that for depressed youths, exercise is significantly better than usual care in reducing anxiety (SMD = −0.98, 95% CI ). Funnel plots were used to evaluate the potential impact of bias in this study. The node-splitting method was used to test the local inconsistency of the network meta-analysis. The network meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15.1 to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) of all concerned outcomes. The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Review Manager 5.4 according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 Methodological Quality Evaluation Criteria. Methods: A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsychINFO, ProQuest, Wanfang, and CNKI, was conducted to identify relevant research on exercise interventions for depression in youth populations. This network meta-analysis aimed to determine the best type of exercise for the treatment and prevention of depression in youths. Although a plethora of evidence suggests a positive relationship between exercise and lower levels of depression in youths, the findings regarding the variation in magnitude of this relationship are inconclusive with respect to the preventive and therapeutic effects of different types of exercise. Purpose: Depression disorder is the most commonly diagnosed type of mental illness among youths. 2College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.1School of Educational Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China. Yihan Zhang 1,2 Geng Li 2 Chengzhen Liu 1 Jinliang Guan 1 Yuantong Zhang 2 Zifu Shi 1 *
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